Vietnam – bright spot of world economic landscape

 

Foreign experts have dubbed the Vietnamese economy as a miracle in Asia and a bright spot of economic growth in Asia-Pacific as a result of the Vietnamese Government’s sound and effective economic management policies.

 

“Let Vietnam’s success story be told to the world,” said CEO of HSBC Vietnam Tim Evans at a conference between the Vietnamese Prime Minister and foreign-invested firms in early September.

 

Apart from him, representatives of many foreign financial organisations, officials and media also expressed their impression on Vietnam’s rapid recovery this year amid the global economic uncertainties.

 

Meeting President Nguyen Xuan Phuc as part of the APEC Economic Leaders’ Week 2022 in Thailand, Managing Director of the International Monetary Fund (IMF) Kristalina Georgieva hailed Vietnam as a spotlight of growth and stability in the region, with an open and dynamic economy that is resilient to COVID-19 pandemic.

 

The IMF’s Asian Economic Outlook, released in October, forecast that Vietnam’s GDP growth will reach 7% this year, leading the group of five emerging economies in ASEAN (ASEAN-5). The World Bank also predicted that Vietnam’s economy will lead the East Asia-Pacific region with a growth rate of 7.2% in 2022. Japan’s Nikkei Asia said Vietnam’s post-pandemic recovery momentum tops the Southeast Asia and ranks eighth globally.

 

The brightest spot of the Vietnamese economy in 2022 is its ability to keep inflation relatively low as countries around the world are struggling with galloping inflation and spiraling prices.

 

Dominic Scriven, Executive Chairman of the UK’s Dragon Capital Group, said Vietnam seems less impacted by global uncertainties caused by food and energy crises this year. He lauded Vietnam as a major and stable manufacturer with relative energy production capacity while the volume of petrol import is not too large compared to the size of the whole economy.

 

According to the IMF’s report, Vietnam’s economy has recovered quickly following the easing of COVID-19 control measures, adoption of a strategy on living with COVID-19 and acceleration of the mass vaccination campaign.

 

The Vietnamese government has performed support policies such as low interest rates and strong credit growth, allowing businesses to quickly resume production when the economy reopened. Tax cuts and support for workers under the socio-economic recovery and development programme helped the economy regain momentum.

 

Country Director of the Asian Development Bank in Vietnam Andrew Jeffries, said that the Vietnamese economy recovered faster than expected in the first half of the year. This result was supported by solid macroeconomic balances, flexible monetary policy and a steady recovery in the processing, manufacturing, services and domestic consumption sectors.

 

Vietnam’s prudent monetary policy and effective control of prices of petrol, electricity, food, health care and education services will keep inflation at 3.8% in 2022 and 4% in 2023, he said.

 

Prof. David Dapice from Harvard University’s Kennedy School of Public Policy pointed out that increasing FDI inflow into Vietnam has kept Vietnam’s economy in a better position compared to other economies. During the 11 months of this year, FDI disbursement rose by over 15% year-on-year. The WB also believed that investment is one of the four economic growth driving forces of Vietnam this year.

 

Sharing the same view, Vincenzo Caporale, an expert on the Southeast Asian studies, said Vietnam benefits from major companies moving production to the country to take advantage of its low costs, developed infrastructure, pro-business environment, and success in minimising the pandemic’s economy impacts.

 

WB chief economist Andrea Coppola said the synchronous adjustment and coordination of policies to adapt to changes will be the key for Vietnam’s economy to overcome strong headwinds, both externally and internally, to continue to be a bright spot of post-pandemic growth./.

 

Source: Vietnam News Agency

 

1982 UNCLOS a step towards freedom of navigation at sea: French scholar

The United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS), also known as the Montego Bay Convention that made its way in the world on December 10, 1982, was a great step towards maintaining the freedom of navigation and has served as a basis for the development of marine activities and ocean conservation, said former Vice Admiral of the French Navy Patrick Hebrard.

 

Talking with the Vietnam News Agency (VNA)’s resident reporter in Paris, Hebrard, who is also an associate research fellow at the Foundation for Strategic Research, said one of the biggest advantages of the 1982 UNCLOS is the establishment of a balance between sovereignty claims of the coastal states and ensuring the freedom of navigation at sea.

 

According to the 1982 UNCLOS, the international seabed is considered a heritage of humanity. The International Seabed Authority (ISA) is developing a Mining Code to regulate exploration, search and extraction of ores in the international seabed. The 1982 UNCLOS also mentions the conservation of seas, including international waters or those within the jurisdiction of states. Its Article 192 stipulates that “States have the obligation to protect and preserve the marine environment”. Through the principle of binding responsibility, the Convention establishes a continuum between national heritage and human heritage, he said.

 

Hebrard added that there should be supplements to the 1982 UNCLOS, at least in three areas, including maritime safety and combating threats and smuggling in international waters; sustainable development concepts in environmental protection; and regulations on territorial waters which have different interpretations leading to disputes among countries.

 

Though the 1982 UNCLOS needs to be perfected, it is still the basis for the development of marine activities and ocean conservation and should be respected by all member states, he said.

 

Vietnam is one of the 12 founding countries of the UNCLOS Group of Friends that was set up in June 2021 and now has over 100 members.

 

Hebrard said the group’s establishment aims to share correct views and behaviours among its member states, making the Convention more widely known. Regular meetings among countries could create mutual understanding and build common knowledge about the consequences of global warming and peaceful settlement of disputes. The Group also offers new proposals to improve or further develop the 1982 UNCLOS./.

 

Source: Vietnam News Agency

 

Government focuses on law-making, institutional improvement: PM

The Government has focused on the implementation of law-making and institutional improvement throughout 2022, said Prime Minister Pham Minh Chinh at the government’s last monthly law-making session this year in Hanoi on December 26.

 

The session, chaired by the PM, mulled over the draft Law amending and supplementing a number of articles of the Law on People’s Public Security, and proposes building such laws as the Law amending and supplementing the Law on Credit Institutions; the Law on Citizenship Identification (amended); the Law on industrial defence, security and industrial mobilisation; and the Law on urban and rural planning.

 

Listening to reports and comments, PM Chinh said the law-making work must continue to institutionalise and bring the Party’s resolutions to life.

 

In his conclusion, the PM informed participants that the Government held nine thematic sessions serving the formulation of laws and policies; and gave opinions on and approved 40 projects and proposals for law building.

 

He noted they are the highest number of sessions, and projects and proposals in recent years.

 

The works have showed improvements, becoming more professional and ensuring progress and quality, the Government leader said.

 

The PM requested strengthening the role of leaders; tightening discipline; improving the capacity to respond to policies, remove obstacles and inadequacies; and promoting recovery and socio-economic development. It is also necessary to focus on resources investment and boost the quality of human resources, he added.

 

PM Chinh emphasised that evaluation is needed for both areas of building and perfecting institutions and organising law enforcement. Particular attention should be paid to policy communications during the law-making process and after the law is promulgated and put into practice, he said./.

 

Source: Vietnam News Agency

 

Indonesia grows sorghum to ease reliance on rice

Indonesia’s East Nusa Tenggara province is developing into a growing and consumption area of sorghum – a kind of nutrient-rich cereal plant, contributing to dealing with the shortage of rice for stockpile in the country.

 

Talking with CNA newspaper on December 25, Maria Loretha, who has 10 years of experience in supporting farmers in growing sorghum in the province, said about 1,000 farmers have grown the plant in eight regencies there.

 

Sorghum is resilient to climate change as it can grow widely on fertile and infertile land with limited water, said Prof. Muhammad Azrai, a cereal plant expert at the Ministry of Agriculture, adding that replanting sorghum several times can even make the soil more fertile.

 

Under President Jokowi’s directions, the National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN) is developing new varieties of sorghum in accordance with a roadmap till 2024.

 

The Ministry of Agriculture targeted planting 15,000ha of sorghum this year in East Nusa Tenggara and 200,000ha by 2024./.

 

Source: Vietnam News Agency

 

Consumers tighten wallets, retail industry faces difficulties

The consumer outlook report from VNDirect Securities Corporation shows that the pent-up consumption trend during the pandemic is gradually decreasing in the context of rising interest rates and a weakening Vietnamese dong making consumers tighten their purse strings.

 

Besides, the report said that the fading of the “wealth effect” – the psychological phenomenon that refers to a change in consumer spending patterns following a rise in the value of unrealised assets.

 

All investment channels including the stock, property, bond, and digital asset markets enjoyed a robust rise last year.

 

As all these markets have entered a sharp correction this year which scaled down the unrealised asset value, thus denting consumer spending power. Most labour-intensive industries are facing headwinds.

 

The country’s export growth is expected to decelerate amid weakening global demand, thus textile, footwear, aquaculture, and wood processing have to scale down their production.

 

With signals from the market, large retailers are slowing down or postponing their business expansion amid growing concerns over a downturn.

 

MWG’s An Khang pharmacy chain expansion has been delayed since the third quarter of this year.

 

The number of Bach Hoa Xanh and Circle K stores also saw a reduction to prove the caution of retail chains to the current market status.

 

Thus, listed consumer companies tend to maintain better financial health shape with low leverage and net cash position.

 

VNDirect expects Vietnamese consumption will be hit hard in the first half of next year and gradually recover to growth momentum from the third quarter as rising interest rates slow down as the Fed rate gradually eases; a gradually stabilising macroeconomy in Vietnam, helping to increase people’s confidence in consumption; and the recovery of consumption in the EU and the US regions to bring back orders to Vietnamese industrial zones.

 

In addition, the National Assembly passed a Resolution in November on the state budget estimate for next year with the base salary to be increased by 20.8% compared to the current 1.8 million VND (75 USD) per month from July 23, which can increase the income of the cadres and civil servants in Vietnam.

 

VNDirect said that the current Vietnamese retail market in general still had a positive trend.

 

According to General Statistics Office, total retail sales of goods and services grew a healthy 25.3% year-on-year in 10 months, largely thanks to the low base last year.

 

If excluding the price factor, retail sales rose 16.8% year-on-year, even higher than the pre-pandemic level.

 

Vietnam resumed international flights from the first quarter, and revenue from tourism doubled last year, recovering to 78% of the pre-pandemic level.

 

Google data showed that the country’s mobility to retail and recreation has exceeded the pre-pandemic level by 4.6%, and mobility to grocery and pharmacy has increased by 27.5% compared to pre-pandemic.

 

According to Statista, Vietnam’s personal luxury goods market reached 976 million USD last year and is expected to grow 6.7% per annum to 1 billion USD by 2025.

 

Another report by Knight Frank said that there were about 72,135 individuals in Vietnam who had liquid assets of more than 1 million USD last year.

 

Analysts said that the retail market was entering a period of “symbiosis” of mutual benefits.

 

Foreign enterprises when entering the Vietnamese market often look for a local partner.

 

Domestic partners are enterprises that understand the market, culture and business environment to choose a site, devise a development strategy in accordance with consumer tastes, and contribute to the success of investors.

 

Experts said that in the long term, the Vietnamese retail market was also driven by other factors, in which the strength of the domestic market with 100 million people and a developing middle class were factors that attract many foreign investors.

 

When foreign enterprises see the potential retail market, domestic enterprises are also trying to take advantage of their home-field strengths to make a breakthrough.

 

The Vietnam Retailers Association said that although the retail market in the country has had the participation of many foreign investors, the enterprises holding market share were still mainly domestic brands such as Masan and MWG.

 

It can be seen that the picture of the retail industry is bright with competition between domestic and foreign enterprises.

 

And in this fierce competition, Bui Ta Hoang Vu, Director of HCM City Department of Industry and Trade, said that domestic retailers should have a very methodical development strategy to keep market share, and maintain the existing advantage.

 

In addition, Vu said that in order to compete effectively in the new situation, domestic retailers needed to be more proactive in the digitalisation process.

 

If not applying information technology through e-commerce, they would lose a huge advantage, he added. /.

 

Source: Vietnam News Agency

 

Vietnam, Czech Republic see benefits from stronger economic cooperation

Vietnam and the Czech Republic have complementary economic structures, so both sides will benefit from stronger bilateral cooperation, said Vietnamese Trade Counselor in the European nation Nguyen Thi Hong Thuy.

 

Talking to the Vietnam News Agency (VNA)’s resident correspondent in Prague, Thuy said Vietnam has strength in the production of goods that the Czech Republic does not produce or produces little such as light industrial and agro-forestry-aquatic products; while the Czech Republic is a powerhouse in heavy industry.

 

The bilateral trade has doubled in the past five years, from 1.04 billion USD in 2017 to 2.08 billion USD last year, she noted.

 

Phones, tablets, computers and electronic products account for the lion’s share of Vietnamese shipments to the Czech Republic, at about 40%. Their proportion amounted to 55.47% in 2021 alone. From the central European nation’s side, its top export earners to Vietnam is mechanical machinery, which made up 15% of the Czech Republic’s total goods volume sold to the Southeast Asian country in 2021.

 

According to Thuy, one of the advantages that can contribute to strengthening economic and trade cooperation between the two countries is the Vietnamese expatriate community in the Czech Republic. Concerning the percentage of population, the group has the highest density, evenly spread across all regions, most of whom engage in the retail, restaurant, import-export, and distribution businesses at different scales.

 

Vietnam is a gateway to ASEAN member states for the Czech Republic, while the latter helps link the former to EU nations, particularly Germany, Poland, Slovakia, and Austria, she said, adding that the EU-Vietnam Free Trade Agreement (EVFTA) also brings about trade-investment incentives for their trade.

 

Thuy also pointed out a number of challenges facing the two nations, including geographical distance, increasing logistics costs, and the EU’s complicated and fickle system of import management policies/.

 

Source: Vietnam News Agency

 

Indonesia to shut down largest COVID-19 hospital

The Indonesian government has decided to discontinue its largest, makeshift COVID-19 hospital occupying the former Asian Games athletes’ village in Jakarta due to a steady decline in new cases.

 

The makeshift hospital was set up less than three weeks after the Health Ministry confirmed the country’s first COVID-19 cases on March 2, 2020. Since it became operational in March 2020, the facility has treated more than 132,000 COVID-19 patients.

 

The facility will formally end its function on December 31 due to a steady decline in the number of COVID-19 cases across Indonesia and a significant decrease in the bed occupation rate of the hospital, said head of the National Disaster Mitigation Agency (BNPB) Lieut. Gen Suharyanto.

 

He added that a similar facility on Galang island in the province of Riau Islands will also be closed down.

 

Earlier on December 21, President Joko Widodo indicated that his government will lift all social restrictions related to COVID-19 that have been in place for nearly three years, suggesting that the country is now well-equipped to deal with the ongoing pandemic.

 

The country of 273 million people has recorded 6.7 million cases and over 160,000 deaths since the pandemic began./.

 

Source: Vietnam News Agency

E-commerce tax collection still “modest”

Tax revenue from e-commerce activities has increased gradually over the years, but is still modest compared to the actual development of this activity.

 

The Ministry of Finance reported that revenue from e-commerce activities through organisations in Vietnam declared and paid on behalf of contractor tax since 2018 has reached nearly 5.6 trillion VND (233.3 million USD).

 

This revenue tends to grow over the years with the average rate of revenue in the 2018-2021 period reaches 130%.

 

The revenue soared from last year, reaching 1.6 trillion VND, an increase of 39% compared to 2020.

 

The Ministry of Finance said there were currently 37 foreign suppliers around the world registered to pay corporate income tax and value added tax directly through the portal for foreign suppliers of the General Department of Taxation, with the declared tax amount, paid tax over 3.1 trillion VND.

 

Among them, some foreign suppliers declare and pay large taxes such as Meta (Facebook) paying over 1.7 trillion VND and Google paying nearly 1 trillion VND.

 

Nguyen Bang Thang, Director of the Department of Large Taxpayers, said that in order to manage taxes for foreign suppliers who were not based in Vietnam, the tax authorities had indirectly worked embassies, as well as large audit consulting organisations through which to mobilise and communicate.

 

During the implementation process, foreign suppliers have been very active and proactive in co-ordinating with tax authorities in understanding policies, declaring and paying taxes through the portal for abroad suppliers by the General Department of Taxation.

 

In addition to tax collection of foreign suppliers in Vietnam, managing tax collection for Vietnamese organisations and individuals earning income from e-commerce businesses is also promoted by the General Department of Taxation.

 

Accordingly, revenue increased over the years, especially rapidly from last year with 261 billion VND.

 

In the first eight months of this year, it rose sharply to 520.7 billion VND, twice as much as the revenue last year.

 

However, Nguyen Thi Lan Anh, Director of the Tax Administration Department of small and medium enterprises and individual and business households, said it was the rapid and explosive development with many new forms in the past that had posed challenges to the tax authorities.

 

These challenges include difficulties in fully managing revenue sources, tax payers, and in determining the tax base.

 

In addition, it was difficult to clearly distinguish the type of income as a tax base because in the digital economy it is difficult to distinguish some types of income, especially copyright, service fees and business profits, said Anh.

 

The next issue was controlling business transactions to manage tax collectors for e-commerce business, she added.

 

In addition, it was not easy to control cash flow when the payment system in the form of COD (cash on delivery) was more popular than non-cash payment methods, she said.

 

In order to continue to improve the efficiency of tax collection management for e-commerce activities, in early October, the Prime Minister issued Official Letter 889/CD-TTg directing ministries, branches and localities to improve effective tax collection management for e-commerce activities and business on digital platforms.

 

Following the direction of the Prime Minister, the Ministry of Finance and the General Department of Taxation have closely co-ordinated with ministries and branches to build a database for e-commerce activities; and at the same time apply modern technologies in tax registration, tax declaration, and tax payment for e-commerce and business on digital platforms.

 

Anh also said that the tax industry continued to modernise tax administration; upgrade information technology infrastructure to connect and store information to support and connect with taxpayers in a direct electronic form at the website of the General Department of Taxation./.

 

Source: Vietnam News Agency